Madison (WI): University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics Authority c2021. Rochester (NY): University of Rochester Medical Center c2020. University of Rochester Medical Center.Gainesville (FL): University of Florida Health c2020. UF Health: University of Florida Health.Department of Health and Human Services Bronchoscopy: Overview. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.Washington D.C.: American Association for Clinical Chemistry c2001–2020. Jacksonville (FL): The Nemours Foundation c1995–2020. Chicago: American Lung Association c2020. Coal Worker's Pneumoconiosis (Black Lung Disease). Symptoms and Diagnosis of Venous Thromboembolism (VTE). Dallas (TX): American Heart Association Inc. Other names: respiratory culture, bacterial sputum culture, routine sputum culture If you are coughing up red or bloody sputum, call 911 or seek immediate medical attention. It may also be a sign of a pulmonary embolism, a life-threatening condition in which a blood clot from a leg or other part of the body breaks loose and travels to the lungs. This may be an early sign of lung cancer. Pulmonary edema is common in people with congestive heart failure. This may be a sign of pulmonary edema, a condition in which excess fluid builds up in the lungs. Black lung disease is a serious condition that can happen if you have long-term exposure to coal dust. It is also a common sign of black lung disease. Cystic fibrosis is an inherited disease that causes mucus to build up in the lungs and other organs. Yellowish-green sputum is also common in people with cystic fibrosis. This often means a bacterial infection, such as pneumonia. This may also be normal, but increased amounts may mean lung disease. This usually means no disease is present, but large amounts of clear sputum may be a sign of lung disease. The colors can help identify the type of infection you may have or if a chronic illness has become worse: Sputum can be one of several different colors. This allows cilia (tiny hairs) in the airways to push it through the mouth and be coughed out. The thickness of sputum helps trap the foreign material. Sputum contains cells from the immune system that help fight the bacteria, fungi, or other foreign substances in your lungs or airways. Sputum is not the same as spit or saliva. If you have an infection or chronic illness affecting the lungs or airways, it can make you cough up sputum. Sputum, also known as phlegm, is a thick type of mucus made in your lungs. A sputum culture is a test that checks for bacteria or another type of organism that may be causing an infection in your lungs or the airways leading to the lungs.
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